ea0032p1009 | Thyroid (non-cancer) | ECE2013
Bilgici Birsen
, Ecemis Gulcin
, Tuncel Ozgur
, Bayrak Ilkay
, Kan Elif
, Atmaca Aysegul
Introduction: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a specific mitogen for endothelial cells. Granulocyte–monocyte colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a key player in the regulation of steady-state functions. Studies have shown increased levels of VEGF and GM-CSF in benign and malignant tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between VEGF and GM-CSF levels and thyroid nodules >1 cm. and negative for malignancy with fine needle aspiration bi...